Monopotassium Phosphate
2. Molecular Formula: KH2PO4
3. Molecular Weight: 136.09
4. CAS: 7778-77-0
Description
Monopotassium Phosphate (chemical formula KH₂PO₄) is an inorganic phosphate compound, which is produced by the neutralization reaction of phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide in a one-to-one molar ratio. It is an acid potassium salt. Monopotassium Phosphate is a common compound used to provide phosphorus and potassium in basic inorganic salts.
Features
Excellent buffering capacity
As a phosphate compound, Monopotassium Phosphate releases H₂PO₄⁻ ions in aqueous solution to form an acidic buffer system, which can effectively maintain the pH range of 4.4 to 4.7. This buffering function is based on the acid-base balance characteristics of its dihydrogen phosphate ion. This buffering range is suitable for a variety of biochemical reactions and fermentation processes, and can slow down the impact of pH fluctuations on microorganisms or enzyme activities.
Stable crystalline structure
Monopotassium Phosphate has a wide melting point (96°C to 253°C) and stable crystal structure. It is not easy to absorb moisture or deteriorate when exposed to air for a long time, avoiding agglomeration and degradation during transportation and storage. This stability comes from the chemical configuration and low moisture content of its single potassium salt, ensuring that the product's performance remains unchanged during the shelf life.
Versatile application
Monopotassium Phosphate can be used as a buffer, nutritional supplement, bulking agent and fermentation adjuvant in the food industry, and as a chelating agent to improve mineral stability. Its chemical properties make it suitable for a variety of applications in beverages, dairy products, pharmaceuticals and agriculture. The molecular formula KH₂PO₄ ensures stable release of phosphorus and potassium, supporting the different formulation requirements of multiple industries.
1. Chemical Name: MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE
2. Molecular Formula: KH2PO4
3. Molecular Weight: 136.09
4. CAS: 7778-77-0
5. Character: It is colorless square crystal or white granule or crystalline powder, odorless, stabilizing in air. Relative density is 2.338. Melting point is96℃-253℃.
6. Uses: In food industry, it is used as buffering agent, chelating agent, yeast food, flavoring agent, nutrient supplement, fermentation adjunct, swelling agent and so on.
7. Packing: It is packed with polyethylene bag as inner layer, and a compound plastic woven bag as the outer layer. The net weight of each bag is 25kg.
8. Storage & Transportation: It should be stored in a dry and ventilating warehouse. Be cautious to keep away from moisture and hot; unloaded with care, so as to avoid the damage. Furthermore, it should be stored separately from poisonous substances.
FAQ
Q: What is Monopotassium Phosphate (MKP)?
A: MKP, chemical formula KH₂PO₄, commonly known as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, is a white or colorless crystal, easily soluble in water, and weakly acidic.
Q: What are the basic physical and chemical properties of MKP?
A: The molecular weight is about 136g/mol, the melting point is about 252℃, it is highly water-soluble at room temperature (≈22–33g/100mL at 20℃), the pH of 1% aqueous solution is about 4.2–4.7, and it is hygroscopic.
Q: What are the morphological forms of MKP?
A: There are anhydrous crystals and monohydrate forms. The anhydrous type is more suitable for uses that are sensitive to water content, and the hydrate dissolves faster.
Q: What are the main applications of MKP?
A: It is widely used in agriculture (high-efficiency potassium and phosphate fertilizers), food (pH adjustment, emulsification, fermentation aids), chemical industry (buffer), optical crystal growth and sports drinks.
Q: What is the role of MKP in agriculture?
A: As a N-P-K (0‑52‑34) high-purity phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, it promotes flowering, fruiting and root development through irrigation or foliar spraying, especially in the nitrogen-free seedling period.
Q: How does MKP work in the food industry?
A: It is used as a food-grade emulsifier, acidity regulator, fermentation aid and nutrient enhancer. It is often used in baking, processed meat products and beverages to improve taste and stability.
Q: Is MKP suitable for making buffer solutions or crystals?
A: It can be used for laboratory buffer solutions, especially in biological experiments; high-purity MKP can also be used for the growth of optical crystals (such as nonlinear optical materials).
Q: How is the purity grade of MKP classified?
A: It can be divided into industrial grade, food grade (≥98%), pharmaceutical/analytical grade, and optical grade (for high-purity crystals). When purchasing, the corresponding grade should be selected according to the purpose.
Q: What should be paid attention to in terms of safety of MKP?
A: MKP is a low-toxic substance, but its dust may irritate the eyes, nose and respiratory tract. Masks, gloves and eye protection should be worn to prevent excessive contact.
Q: Is MKP easy to absorb moisture or clump? What are the storage requirements?
A: It is highly hygroscopic and should be stored in a dry, cool and ventilated environment; the packaging must be sealed intact to avoid exposure to air and moisture and caking.
Q: Is MKP stable in high temperature environments?
A: It will decompose into products such as potassium metaphosphate at about 300-400℃. It is stable under normal conditions, but direct contact with high temperatures should be avoided.
Q: Can MKP be mixed with other chemicals?
A: It is compatible with most neutral formulas and is often used in combination with other phosphates when preparing food or fertilizers, but strong alkali or strong acid should be avoided.
Q: Is MKP safe for the environment?
A: It complies with food grade standards such as FDA and EU (E340(i)); if it is used excessively in agriculture, it will cause phosphorus loss and affect water bodies, and the application specifications should be followed.
Q: Does MKP have potential health risks?
A: High-dose intake may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, electrolyte imbalance, etc.; food-grade usage should be strictly controlled according to regulations to avoid long-term excessive intake.
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